 |
|
|
| About Prof. Jiao and His Texts |
|
Dr. Jiao's Expertise
Professor Jiao is an expert in internal medicine who concentrates
on the use of medicinals in clinical practice. (Please see the following
descriptions of Prof. Jiao's books.) His books, give students and
practitioners access to Dr. Jiao's more than 60 years of clinical
experience. Of equal importance is Dr. Jiao's extensive experience
educating clinicians. From teaching a range of students from barefoot
doctors to advanced graduates of China's key medical schools Dr.
Jiao has developed a considerable skill teaching Chinese medicine.
Indeed, according to Ren Min, China's prestigious publishing house,
his works are among the most used texts in the P.R.C. More about
his teaching can be gained from reading the description of his book
Ten Lectures on the Use of Medicinals which follows.
A Brief Biographical Sketch of Dr. Jiao Shu-De
Jiao Shu-De was born in the He Bei province in northeastern China
in 1922. As a child, he began studying medicine with his maternal
grandfather. During the course of these early studies he began to
read and study medical classics such as the Nei Jing, Nan Jing,
Shang Han Lun, Jin Gui Yao Lue, and Shen Nong Ben Cao Jing. Through
the study of these texts and years of time spent with his grandfather,
Dr. Jiao developed a deep foundation in medicine. As he grew older,
he began to study the medical classics of later periods, such as
those of authors in the Jin, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties and including
texts such as the Qian Jin Yao Fang and the Wai Tai Mi Yao. In 1941,
at the age of 19, Dr. Jiao opened a medical practice in his hometown
and simultaneously entered the Tian Jin Medical College. In 1946
he passed his medical examinations and was officially licensed.
In 1950 he began to work in Beijing as a doctor of internal medicine.
Starting in 1955, he studied traditional Chinese medicine with some
of the most famous physicians in China, such as Pu Fu-Zhou, Huang
Zhu-Zhai, Yang Shu-Qian, and Qin Bo-Wei. In the fall of 1958, Dr.
Jiao began working in Beijing Chinese Medical College where he would
teach and practice for the next 27 years. It was not until the spring
of 1984 that he would take a position in the China-Japan Friendship
Hospital, where he continues to practice even today. In 1984, the
title of " Advanced Individual'' was conferred on Dr. Jiao,
and then in 1986 he was awarded the title of "Advanced Worker
in Public Health''. Dr. Jiao has proven himself to be able to resolve
many internal medicine diseases that are considered to be difficult
to treat. Below, we will introduce some of his unique treatment
methods.
He attaches importance to the idea of strengthening the normal function
of the liver and kidney when treating stones of the urinary bladder
or gallbladder. He developed San He Tang and Si He Tang for the
treatment of atrophic gastritis and ulcers. These formulae not only
relieve pain in these conditions, but also aid in the internal healing
process as observed through gastroscopy and laboratory testing.
In the treatment of coronary heart disease, myocarditis, and angina
pectoris, he advanced a methodology of simultaneously treating the
lung, stomach, and kidney, while also rectifying the qi and quickening
the blood, and assisting the yang and transforming phlegm. With
regards to stroke, he suggests that wind-phlegm often obstructs
the network vessels and that wind frequently enters the bowels;
therefore, he clears and transforms the yang ming, frees the bowels,
and quickens the network vessels.
As a teacher, Dr. Jiao emphasizes that the theories of Chinese medicine
should be used to guide clinical practice, and he particularly stresses
the importance of flexibly applying the principle of pattern identification
and treatment differentiation. He advocates the use of a holistic
perspective and an analytic thought process during investigation
of the creation, development, transformation, and progression of
disease. Through this process, he endeavors to gain clarity about
the proper logic, method, formula, and additional medicinals (li-fa-fang-yao),
executing this with craft and artistry. Dr. Jiao developed a comprehensive
strategy for approaching patients with cough, which he calls "
seven methods to treat cough". According to Dr. Jiao, if one uses
these seven methods (diffusing, downbearing, clearing, warming,
supplementing, moistening, and contracting) flexibly and with acumen,
all patterns of cough can be treated successfully. He also developed
a comprehensive strategy for panting and wheezing (asthma and asthma-like
conditions), which he describes as 2 outlines-6 patterns-3 principles,
and which includes 6 Ma Huang-based formulae: Ma Xing Er San Tang,
Ma Xing Su Cha Tang, Ma Xing Lou Shi Tang, Ma Xing Bu Fei Tang,
Ma Xing Liu Jun Zi Tang, Ma Xing Yu Qi Tang. He developed Yi Shen
Tang specifically for the treatment of patients with neurasthenia
due to yin vacuity and liver effulgence, and menopausal syndromes.
In the mid 60's, Dr. Jiao's tabular format for recording pulse descriptions
was adopted for use first in Bei Jing's Dong Zhi Men Hospital, then
throughout China, and finally in Japan. Dr. Jiao stresses the importance
of using the results of modern scientific research in order to advance
the study and development of traditional Chinese medicine. Nonetheless,
he places equal importance on the need to view these results in
the context of the theories of traditional medicine. He is disturbed
by the tendency for modern physicians to lose sight of traditional
theories and principles in the face of biomedical research. When
asked about this, he replied that the physicians of antiquity didn't
know the word "hepatitis'', but they could treat it without
knowing anything about liver enzymes or antigen/antibody titers.
He put forward a research methodology that he describes as "carrying
on tradition, choosing the strong points, highlighting the distinguishing
traits, and developing new ideas''. As an illustration of this idea,
Dr. Jiao developed new ideas in the diagnosis and treatment of rheumatic
joint disease. He described a new type of impediment (bi) syndrome,
which he calls "wang'' impediment, and which is characterized
by changes in the joint's physical form, deterioration of the bone,
and difficulty extending the limbs. In 1983, the China National
Chinese Internal Medicine Association chose this disease, along
with Dr. Jiao's methodology for treating it, to be investigated
nationwide at a total of 27 provincial hospital sites. The patent
formula used to treat this pattern, Wang Bi Chong Ji, has received
national awards. Following five years of study, in 1986, a second
generation of formula were created on the basis of Jiao's model,
called Wang Bi Health Restoring Formula 1 and 2.
|
|
These formulae
also received national awards for excellence. Dr. Jiao has published
more than 60 articles, such as `` Personal Experience in the Diagnosis
and Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis'', `` Pattern Identification
and Treatment Differentiation as Applied to Wang Impediment (Bi)'',
`` Pattern Identification and Treatment Differentiation as Applied
to Angina Pectoris'', and `` Clinical Applications of Spleen-Stomach
Theory''. He is also the author of five books: Ten Lectures on Personal
Experience in the Use of Medicinals, Ten Lectures on Personal Experience
in the Use of Formulae, A Discussion of Pattern Identification and
Treatment Differentiation Using Case Studies, The Essentials of
the Clinical Experience of Jiao Shu-De, and A Record of Medical
Practice.
Books by Jiao Shu-De Prof Jiao
Shu-De has selected Paradigm Publications to produce his life work
in English. Because his works are among the most used texts of internal
medicine his material has appeared in bits and pieces, some attributed,
some not. To insure that a full and accurate presentation of this
important material is available in English, Paradigm Publications
has contracted the rights for his texts, the first of which should
appear in print early in 2001.
Three expert translators are working on the project: Craig Mitchel,
Marnae Ergil, and Shelly Ochs. Craig Mitchel, the translator of
an acclaimed Shan Han Lun edition is the managing editor, Nigel
Wiseman is the sinological editor and Andy Ellis is the clinical
editor. Rights queries should be directed to Bob Felt at Paradigm
Publications.
Ten Lectures on Personal Experience in the Use of Medicinals
(Yong Yao Xin De Shi Jiang)
In this text, Dr. Jiao discusses approximately 300 medicinal substances
in practical terms. He begins each section with basic information
about a given substance, such as taste, temperature, and entering
channels. This is followed with a discussion of the functions and
indications for the substance. In this section, Dr. Jiao gives the
details of specific practical applications for each medicinal, including
representative formula for a given function. In the final section
about a given medicinal substance, he provides information about
specific preparations and dosages, as well as some comparisons with
other medicinals having similar or related actions. `` Ten Lectures''
is not designed to replace standard materia medica, but to supplement
them with copious detail on clinical applications from his own personal
experience.
The book presents information about the medicinals that is not available
in English language materia medica. For example, he compares and
contrasts medicinals that have similar functions to help practitioners
make better clinical decisions. Dr. Jiao also discusses a specific
medicinal's actions in the context of well-known and frequently-used
formulae. Within practical discussions of medicinal agents, he explains
fundamental theory, allowing all levels of student or practitioner
to gain increased understanding. Dr. Jiao elucidates information
that a practitioner may have already memorized but in a way that
allows for better clinical usage of the information. The Preface
provides critical information about the study of the materia medica
and the use of prescriptions. The final chapter discusses formula
organization with specific examples from Dr. Jiao's own clinical
experience.
Ten Lectures on Personal Experience in the Use of Formulae
(Fang Ji Xin De Shi Jiang)
This text deals with approximately 200 formulae. Each formula is
considered from a practical point of view with substantial information
about the specific ingredients. This basic information is supplemented
with discussions of classical and modern modifications. A detailed
discussion of signs and symptoms is also included to aid the practitioner
in making an appropriate choice. Dr. Jiao also compares and contrasts
formula that have similar or related functions so that the student
or practitioner can better understand how to differentiate. The
end of the text also presents a group of formulae that were created
by Dr. Jiao.
A Discussion of Pattern Identification and Treatment Determination
Using Case Studies
(Cong Bing Li Tan Bian Zheng Lun Zhi)
Students and practitioners alike are interested in case studies
because they provide a stimulating and informative source of material
that can be directly relevant to clinical practice. This text uses
a case study format to present and discuss fundamental theory, specifically
the concept of pattern identification and treatment determination.
The reader not only has the benefit of reading many extensive case
studies from Dr. Jiao's personal experience, but also has an opportunity
to read his thoughts on these cases and how they reflect fundamental
concepts of diagnosis and treatment that are essential for any practitioner.
This is a unique book of case studies in that the cases are grouped
together in sections to illustrate specific points, for example
the importance of tongue diagnosis. In this way, Dr. Jiao is able
to elucidate the underlying principles of the case, not simply the
specifics of an individual case.
A Summary of the Clinical Experience of Jiao Shu-De
(Jiao Shu-De Lin Chuang Jing Yan Ji Yao )
This book comes from a six-book set in which six of the most renowned
doctors of Chinese medicine in all of China have an opportunity
to put down on paper some small part of their medical experience.
Dr. Jiao was selected to participate in this project because he
is regarded as a living treasure in China; a physician of subtle
skill and abundant experience. The book is divided into four sections:
medical theories, use of medicinals, use of formulae, and further
explications of pattern identification and treatment determination.
In the section on medical theories, Jiao discusses a wide range
of topics including seven methods for treating cough, clinical applications
of spleen-stomach theory, and a discussion of treating disease before
it becomes manifest. The section on the use of medicinals includes
articles such as a discussion of the meaning of entering channels
and personal experiences using medicinals that quicken the blood
and dissipate binds. Xiao Chai Hu Tang and Huo Xiang Zheng Qi San
are two of the formulae discussed in the section on formulae use,
and this section also includes information on pediatrics and gynecology.
In the final section of the book we find articles on the four examinations
and the importance of using correct pattern identification and treatment
determination even when there is a biomedically-defined disease
entity.
|
|
